Deconstructing tumor heterogeneity

We are merging our knowledge of embryonic development with our knowledge of cancer to build the next generation of cancer diagnostics and identify new therapeutic targets in cancer. Our hypothesis is that many cancers are ultimately  developmental diseases, with activation of normal embryonic programs in the wrong time and place.  By leveraging existing datasets cataloging mammalian development with datasets cataloging cancer, we can build comprehensive developmental maps of human tumors. These maps can help us tell apart the differences between patients, or even between single tumor cells of the same patient. Using machine learning and data science approaches, we can construct models for better precision medicine.

Shown above is the developmental deconvolution of a single hepatocellular carcinoma tumor. Clockwise around the circle are 214 main mammalian developmental programs; distance from the center represents how strongly each program operates in this tumor. Developmental programs are also grouped into 10 main programs (colors), with particularly high signal for hepatic programs (peach, 7 o'clock) in this sample. Reproduced from Moiso et al,  Cancer Discovery 2022.